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MOST IMPORTANT AMENDMENTS
- AMENDMENT NOTES FOR NDA GAT (POLITY)
Amendment means to change or alter existing provisions of law. With time laws of the country need to be updated. They can’t be stiff and stagnant. Modifications in law provisions are a great sign of development. There have been many important constitutional amendments that have changed the shape of a statute or a particular provision completely. Let’s have a look at such amendments of the Constitution of India.
1st Amendment, 1951 to overcome certain practical difficulties related to Fundamental Rights. Also added 9th Schedule. It converted right of property to legal right.7th Amendment, 1956 necessitated on account of reorganisation of states on linguistic basis and introduced changes in the 1st and 4th Schedule.
न मैं गिरा और न ही मेरी उम्मीदों के मीनार गिरे..!
44th Amendment, 1978 restored the normal duration of the Lok Sabha and Legislative Assembly to 5 years. The Right to Property was deleted from Part.
Also limited the power of the government to proclaim internal emergency.
9th Amendment, 1960 gave effect to transfer certain territories to Pakistan following the 1958 Indo-Pak Agreement.
10th Amendment, 1961 incorporated Dadar and Nagar Haveli in India.
12th Amendment, 1962 incorporated Goa, Daman and Diu in India.
13th Amendment, 1962 created Nagaland as a state.
14th Amendment, 1963 incorporated Pondicherry in India from France.
18th Amendment, 1966 reorganised Punjab into Punjab, Haryana and UT of Chandigarh.
26th Amendment, 1971 was related to terminate the privy purses and
privileges of the rulers of the former Indian states.
privileges of the rulers of the former Indian states.
न मैं गिरा और न ही मेरी उम्मीदों के मीनार गिरे..!
पर लोग मुझे गिराने में कई बार गिरे.!!
27th Amendment, 1971 established Manipur and Tripura as States and
Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh as Union Territory.
Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh as Union Territory.
31st Amendment, 1973 increased the elective strength of Lok Sabha from 525 to 545. The upper limit of representatives of state went up from 500 to 525.
42nd Amendment, 1976 provided supremacy of Parliament and gave very limited primacy to Directive Principles over Fundamental Rights. It also added 10 Fundamental Duties to the Constitution. The Preamble of the Constitution was also altered to "Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic'. It is also called Mini Constitution.
44th Amendment, 1978 restored the normal duration of the Lok Sabha and Legislative Assembly to 5 years. The Right to Property was deleted from Part.
Also limited the power of the government to proclaim internal emergency.
52nd Amendment, 1985 10th Schedule was added through this
amendment. (Anti-Defection Law)
amendment. (Anti-Defection Law)
61st Amendment, 1989 reduced the voting age from 21 to 18 years
for the Lok Sabha as well as Assemblies.
for the Lok Sabha as well as Assemblies.
62nd Amendment, 1989 extended reservation of seats for SC/ST till
AD 2000.
AD 2000.
69th Amendment proposed to grant statehood to Delhi.
73rd Amendment, 1992 (Panchayati Raj) to provide among other things Gram Sabha in villages, Constitution of Panchayats at the
village and other levels, direct elections to all seats in Panchayats
and reservation of seats for the SC and ST and fixing of tenure of
5 years for Panchayats.
village and other levels, direct elections to all seats in Panchayats
and reservation of seats for the SC and ST and fixing of tenure of
5 years for Panchayats.
74th Amendment, 1992 (Nagar Palika) To provide for, among other
things, Constitution for three types of municipalities, reservation of seats
in every municipality for the SC and ST, women and the backward classes.
things, Constitution for three types of municipalities, reservation of seats
in every municipality for the SC and ST, women and the backward classes.
86th Amendment, 2002 Article 21 (A) which makes primary education a Fundamental Rights to children between age of 6-14 years
was added.
Article 45 of Directive Principle.
11th Fundamental Duty was addec through this.
was added.
Article 45 of Directive Principle.
11th Fundamental Duty was addec through this.
92nd Amendment, Act 2003 4 languages were added in 8th Schedule-Bodo, Dogri, Maithili and Santhali.
93rd Amendment Added Clause (5) to Article 15 making special provisions for advancement any socially and educationally backward classes.
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94th Amendment, 2006 To provide for a Minister of Tribal Welfare in Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh states including Madhya Pradesh and Orissa.
95th Amendment, 2010 To extend the reservation of seats for SCs and
STs in the Lok Sabha and States Assemblies from 60 to 70 years.
STs in the Lok Sabha and States Assemblies from 60 to 70 years.
96th Amendment, 2011 Substituted 'Odia' for 'Oriya'.
97th Amendment, 2012 Added the words or co-operative societies' after the word 'or unions' in Article 19 (1) (C) and insertion of Article 43 (B) i.e. promotion of co-operative societies and added part IXB i.e. the
co-operative societies.
co-operative societies.
98th Amendment, 2013 To empower the Governor of Karnataka to take steps to develop the Hyderabad-Karnataka region.
99th Amendment, 2015 The amendment provides for the formation of a National Judicial Appointments Commission. The amendment was
struck down by the Supreme Court on 16th October, 2015.
struck down by the Supreme Court on 16th October, 2015.
100th Amendment, 2015 Exchange of certain enclave territories with
Bangladesh and conferment of citizenship rights to residents of enclaves consequent to signing of Land Boundary Agreement (LBA) Treaty between India and Bangladesh.
Bangladesh and conferment of citizenship rights to residents of enclaves consequent to signing of Land Boundary Agreement (LBA) Treaty between India and Bangladesh.
101st Amendment, 2016 Amendement of Articles 248, 249, 250, 268, 269, 270, 271, 286, 366, 368, 6th Schedule, 7th Schedule, Deletion
of Article 268A in reference to the Goods and Services tax bill.
102nd Amendment, 2018 Provides the Constitutional states to National
Commision for Backward classes.
of Article 268A in reference to the Goods and Services tax bill.
102nd Amendment, 2018 Provides the Constitutional states to National
Commision for Backward classes.
103rd Amendment, 2018 Provides the 10% Reservation for Economically weak section (EWS) of society.
104th Amendment, 2019 Extends the deadline for the cessation for the
reservation of seats for members from SC/ST in Lok Sabha of State
Legislative assembly by a period of 10yrs.
reservation of seats for members from SC/ST in Lok Sabha of State
Legislative assembly by a period of 10yrs.
THAT'S ALL FOR TODAY
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